INSTRUCTIONS FOR AUTHORS

Submission of a manuscript implies:

that the work described has not been published before (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, or thesis)
that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere
that its publication has been approved by all coauthors, if any, as well as by the responsible authorities at the institute where the work has been carried out
that, if and when the manuscript is accepted for publication, the authors agree to automatic transfer of the copyright to the publisher
that the manuscript will not be published elsewhere in any language without the consent of the copyright holders
that written permission of the copyright holder is obtained by the authors for material used from other copyrighted sources; and that any costs associated with obtaining this permission are the authors' responsibility.

Manuscript Preparation

Authors are encouraged to submit manuscripts online for its quicker and more efficient processing.

Please e-mail your manuscript, to the email id displayed on the journal's homepage, following the instructions given on the screen.

Manuscripts should be:

Typewritten, preferably in MS Word, double-spaced with suitably wide margins.
All pages should be numbered consecutively, beginning with page 1, the title page. Tables and figures should be numbered serially, and legends to illustrations should be prepared on separate sheets.
Tables and figures should be placed near their first mention in the text; all tables and figures must be referred to in the manuscript.

Title page information:

Title. Concise and informative. Titles are often used in information-retrieval systems. Avoid abbreviations and formulae where possible.
Author names and affiliations. Where the family name may be ambiguous (e.g., a double name), please indicate this clearly. Present the authors' affiliation addresses (where the actual work was done) below the names. Indicate all affiliations with a lower-case superscript letter immediately after the author's name and in front of the appropriate address. Provide the full postal address of each affiliation, including the country name, and the e-mail address of each author.
Corresponding author. Clearly indicate who will handle correspondence at all stages of refereeing and publication, also post-publication. Ensure that telephone number (with country and area code) are provided in addition to the e-mail address and the complete postal address. Contact details must be kept up to date by the corresponding author.
Present/permanent address. If an author has moved since the work described in the article was done, or was visiting at the time, a "Present address" (or "Permanent address") may be indicated as a footnote to that author's name. The address at which the author actually did the work must be retained as the main, affiliation address. Superscript Arabic numerals are used for such footnotes.

Abstract:

A concise and factual abstract is required. The abstract should state briefly the purpose of the research, the methods, the principal results and major conclusions. A structured abstract is required for Original article and the format should consist of four sections, labeled “Background”, “Methods”, “Results” and “Conclusions”. An abstract is often presented separate from the article, so it must be able to stand alone. For this reason, References should be avoided. Also, non-standard or uncommon abbreviations should be avoided, but if essential they must be defined at their first mention in the abstract itself. The length should be less than 250 words for Review and Original article, less than 100 words for Correspondence. Abstract is not required for Letter.

Keywords:

Immediately after the abstract, provide a maximum of 5, keywords. Abbreviations firmly established in the field may be eligible as keywords. These keywords will be used for indexing purposes.

Text: All papers should have a brief introduction. Research articles should have sub headings-Materials and Methods; Results; Discussion (if necessary Results and Discussions can be combined) followed by conclusion.

Acknowledgements:

Collate acknowledgements in a separate section at the end of the article before the references and do not, therefore, include them on the title page, as a footnote to the title or otherwise. List here those individuals who provided support during the research (e.g., providing language help, writing assistance or proof reading the article, collecting specimens, assisting financially etc.).

References:

In the text, references to the literature should be by author and year; where there are two authors, both should be named; with three or more only the first author's name plus "et al." need be given. The list at the end of the paper should include only works mentioned in the text and should be arranged alphabetically by name of first author.

References should be cited as follows:

Journal papers -- name(s) and initial(s) of author(s), year in brackets, full title, name of the journal as abbreviated in Chemical Abstracts, volume number, first and last page numbers:

Quiring R, Walldorf U, Koter U, Gehring WJ (1994) Homology of the eyeless gene of Drosophila to the small eye gene in mice and aniridia in humans. Science 265:785

Books -- name(s) of author(s), year in brackets, full title, edition, publishers, place of publication, page number:

Maizels N, Weiner AM (1993) The genomic tag hypothesis: modern viruses as fossils of ancient strategies for genomic replication. In: Gesteland RF, Atkins JF (eds) The RNA world. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York, pp. 577 -- 602

Li W - (1997) Molecular evolution. Sinauer Assosiates, Sunderland, MA

Responsibility for the accuracy of bibliographic references rests entirely with the author, who is requested to use as few "in press" citations as possible. In press citations must include the name of the journal that has accepted the paper.

Footnotes: Those in the text should be numbered consecutively. Footnotes to the title or authors of the article are marked by asterisks and placed on the title page.

Sequences: Sequences that are used merely as data points in statistical calculations or graphs should, if possible, be referred to by their accession numbers only. Authors should be quoted by name when their sequences are discussed individually or presented in alignments.

Illustrations: These should be suitable for reproduction, and should clarify or shorten the text. Information provided in figure legends should not be repeated in the text. Figures and graphs should always be mentioned in the text and numbered with Arabic numerals. Preferred file formats include .tif and .jpg.

Color Figures: Color can be used without charge for the electronic edition of the journal

Mathematical Equations: These should be clearly prepared, and annotated if necessary. Primes and dots must be called to the attention of the typesetter. Differentiate legibly between number 1, capital letter I, and lower case letter l. Use fractional exponents instead of root signs and the solidus (/) for fractions wherever their use will save vertical space. Use exp () notation when the exponent is sizable. All equations must be numbered sequentially, on the right-hand side of the column, in parenthetic Arabic numerals.

Organisms: Must be identified by their scientific binomen.

Homology: The term should not be used in the sense of structural similarity but only in its biological sense of derivation of structures from a common ancestral structure.

Abbreviations, Symbols, Units, etc.: Acronyms and symbols must be defined at first mention, in titles, abstracts, as well as within the text. For nomenclature, abbreviations, symbols, and units, authors should follow internationally accepted rules, including those adopted by the Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature.

Submission of a manuscript will be held to imply that the work reported in it is original, that the results have not been previously published (either in part or whole) and are not under consideration for publication elsewhere; and further, that if accepted, will not be published elsewhere. Manuscripts that are not written in clear and understandable English are liable to be returned for re-writing even if they may be publishable on the basis of their scientific content.

Authors are invited to suggest names and addresses of four experts who in their opinion can review the paper. The choice of referees will however remain with the editorial board.

Editorial Contact

Prasadan PK

Ecological Parasitology Division,

Department of Zoology

Kannur University

Mananthavady Campus, Wayanad-670645

Kerala India

Telephone: +91 9847803136

e-mail: lifescienceresearch@kannuruniv.ac.in

INSTRUCTIONS FOR AUTHORS

Advances in life science research

About the Journal

EDITORIAL CONTACT